1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) at Dhaara Hospital

Symptoms:

• Heartburn (burning sensation in the chest)
• Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
• Difficulty swallowing
• Chronic cough or sore throat
• Chest pain

Treatment:

• Lifestyle Modifications: Patients are advised to avoid foods and drinks that trigger reflux (e.g., spicy foods, chocolate, caffeine, alcohol), eat smaller meals, and not lie down immediately after eating. Weight loss and smoking cessation are also important.
• Medications:
  • Antacids: Provide quick, short-term relief by neutralizing stomach acid.
  • H2 Blockers: Reduce acid production and are effective for mild symptoms.
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): More potent acid reducers used for moderate to severe GERD.
• Procedures: In severe cases, surgical options like fundoplication (wrapping the top of the stomach around the lower esophagus) or endoscopic treatments can be considered to prevent reflux.

2. Dyspepsia at Dhaara Hospital

Symptoms:

• Bloating
• Nausea
• Burping
• Fullness during or after meals
• Upper abdominal pain or discomfort

Treatment:

• Lifestyle Changes: Patients are encouraged to eat smaller, more frequent meals, avoid trigger foods (such as spicy, fatty, or acidic foods), and manage stress through relaxation techniques and adequate sleep.
• Medications:
  • Antacids: Neutralize stomach acid for quick relief.
  • H2 Blockers and PPIs: Reduce acid production and are used for more persistent symptoms.
  • Prokinetics: Enhance stomach motility to help with symptoms of bloating and fullness.
• Investigations: If symptoms persist despite treatment, further investigations like endoscopy or imaging studies may be conducted to rule out underlying conditions such as peptic ulcers or gastritis.

3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) at Dhaara Hospital

Symptoms:

• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Diarrhea, often with blood
• Weight loss and malnutrition
• Fatigue
• Fever

Treatment:

• Medications:
  • Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Aminosalicylates and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
  • Immune System Suppressors: Azathioprine, methotrexate, or biologics to control immune response.
  • Antibiotics: Used to treat infections or complications like abscesses.
  • Biologics: Target specific components of the immune system to reduce inflammation.
• Diet and Nutrition: Tailored dietary plans to ensure adequate nutrition and avoid foods that worsen symptoms. Nutritional supplements may be needed.
• Surgery: For severe cases, surgical removal of affected sections of the gastrointestinal tract may be necessary.
• Regular Monitoring: Ongoing care with specialists to manage and monitor the disease, prevent flare-ups, and address complications.

4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) at Dhaara Hospital

Symptoms:

• Abdominal pain and cramping
• Bloating and gas
• Diarrhea or constipation, or alternating between the two
• Mucus in the stool

Treatment:

• Dietary Adjustments:
  • High-fiber Diet: For patients with constipation-predominant IBS.
  • Low-FODMAP Diet: Reducing certain carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine to decrease bloating and gas.
  • Avoiding Trigger Foods: Such as caffeine, alcohol, and fatty foods.
• Medications:
  • Fiber Supplements: For improving bowel regularity.
  • Laxatives: For constipation relief.
  • Anti-diarrheal Medications: To control diarrhea.
  • Antispasmodics: To reduce intestinal muscle spasms and relieve pain.
  • Antidepressants: Low-dose tricyclic antidepressants or SSRIs to help manage pain and mood symptoms.


GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where acid reflux leads to heartburn, regurgitation, and discomfort in the esophagus over time.



Dyspepsia

Dyspepsia, or indigestion, is characterized by upper abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and discomfort, usually experienced after eating, often affecting daily activities.



Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, primarily including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.



Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder causing abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.